Shoes can make a big difference for preventing falls.

Shoe has to fit well. Make sure the soles and heels are not rubbed out.

Insole is the part of the shoe that the foot is directly touching. Insoles that provide arch support can help those with flat feet and at times can help prevent foot from “rolling” (e.g. ankle inversion). Midsole is the part in between the insole and the outsole (the part directly touching the ground). Slip resistant outsoles can help prevent falls on slippery surface. A thin but firm midsole helps you “feel the ground” under your foot better.

A high and firm heel collar (the back part of the shoe, it should feel hard and not soft when you touch it) can help stabilize the ankle and prevent foot from “rolling.” Heel height should be under an inch ideally to prevent foot deformities and allow for proper foot rocker mechanism action (foot progression from heel to toe as part of healthy foot biomechanics pattern). Wide heels with a curved or “beveled” posterior edge can help promote healthy foot rocker mechanism and improve contact with the ground.

Laces or buckles should be tied tightly to help the shoe contour well and hold during ambulation instead of slipping off as you walk, as it happens with slippers and flip-flops (which should be avoided).

As a bonus, a wide toe box at the front of the shoe can help accommodate for toe deformities like bunions which compromise safe ambulation. A rocker bottom mechanism can is sometimes available and can further help promote safe foot progression, especially in patients with diabetic neuropathy.

Take home points:

For flat feet-get arch support

For bunions-get wide toe box shoes

If your ankle rolls-get good ankle support

No slippers or flip-flops

Make sure shoe is not slipping and not worn out